Does an accident affect my car insurance rates? If so, for how long?

An accident’s effect on your rates depends upon the circumstances of the accident and how many claims you’ve had in recent years.
Comprehensive claims are less likely to be your fault, so they typically won’t raise your rates. Collision claims are more likely to hike up your rates.
If you’re at fault, it’s your first accident and damages are minor, it may eliminate your good driver discount, but not much else.  If you weren’t at fault and the claims were through the other party’s insurance, it likely won’t affect you either.  If, however, you’ve already made a few claims in a short period of time, any type of claim may affect your rates since you appear to the insurer to be accident-prone.
For example, some car insurance companies won’t impose a surcharge if the accident didn’t cause damage or injury in excess of $1,000, unless you have had two or more of this type of accident within the last three years.
State insurance laws also come into play.  Some states allow insurers to surcharge drivers only for certain types of accidents or if damages were over a certain monetary amount. New York’s Department of Insurance has terrific information for its residents, and your state’s insurance regulator may as well.
An accident typically will affect your rates anywhere from three to five years; it depends upon state laws and the guidelines of your car insurance company.